85% of cancer is preventable. Discover The top foods that significantly reduce your risk. The top foods shown in studies to kill cancer cells. A step-by-step approach, complete with cheat sheets for success. Plant sources of anti-cancer agents are plants, the derivatives of which have been shown to be usable for the treatment or prevention of cancer in humans. [1] [2. Cannabis and Cannabinoids (PDQ)—Health Professional Version. Cannabis use for medicinal purposes dates back at least 3,0. It was introduced into Western medicine in 1. W. B. O’Shaughnessy, a surgeon who learned of its medicinal properties while working in India for the British East India Company. Its use was promoted for reported analgesic, sedative, anti- inflammatory, antispasmodic, and anticonvulsant effects. In 1. 93. 7, the U. S. Treasury Department introduced the Marihuana Tax Act. This Act imposed a levy of $1 per ounce for medicinal use of Cannabis and $1. Physicians in the United States were the principal opponents of the Act. The American Medical Association (AMA) opposed the Act because physicians were required to pay a special tax for prescribing. Cannabis, use special order forms to procure it, and keep special records concerning its professional use. In addition, the AMA believed that objective evidence that Cannabis was harmful was lacking and that passage of the Act would impede further research into its medicinal worth.[6] In 1. You‘ll get instant access to your free e-book Coconut Oil Cures: The Ultimate Solution for Anti-Aging, Weight Loss, Disease Prevention and Health Restoration via email. Plus, you‘ll also receive eAlerts from the.Cannabis was removed from the U. S. Pharmacopoeia because of persistent concerns about its potential to cause harm.[2,3]In 1. Congress passed the Boggs Act, which for the first time included Cannabis with narcoticdrugs. In 1. 97. 0, with the passage of the Controlled Substances Act, marijuana was classified by Congress as a Schedule I drug. Drugs in Schedule I are distinguished as having no currently accepted medicinal use in the United States. Other Schedule I substances include heroin, LSD, mescaline, and methaqualone. Despite its designation as having no medicinal use, Cannabis was distributed by the U. S. government to patients on a case- by- case basis under the Compassionate Use. Investigational New Drug program established in 1. Distribution of Cannabis through this program was discontinued in 1. Although federal law prohibits the use of Cannabis, figure 1 below shows the states and territories that have legalized Cannabis use for medical purposes. Additional states have legalized only one ingredient in Cannabis, such as cannabidiol (CBD), and are not included in the map. Some medical marijuana laws are broader than others, and there is state- to- state variation as to the types of medical conditions for which treatment is allowed. Enlarge. Figure 1. Cannabis map. The main psychoactive constituent of Cannabis was identified as delta- 9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). In 1. 98. 6, an isomer of synthetic delta- 9- THC in sesame oil was licensed and approved for the treatment of chemotherapy - associated nausea and vomiting under the generic name dronabinol. Clinical trials determined that dronabinol was as effective as or better than other antiemetic agents available at the time.[7] Dronabinol was also studied for its ability to stimulate weight gain in patients with AIDS in the late 1. Thus, the indications were expanded to include treatment of anorexia associated with human immunodeficiency virusinfection in 1. Clinical trial results showed no statistically significant weight gain, although patients reported an improvement in appetite.[8,9] Another important cannabinoid found in Cannabis is CBD.[1. This is a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid, which is an analog of THC. In recent decades, the neurobiology of cannabinoids has been analyzed.[1. The first cannabinoid receptor, CB1, was identified in the brain in 1. A second cannabinoid receptor, CB2, was identified in 1. The highest expression of CB2 receptors is located on B lymphocytes and natural killer cells, suggesting a possible role in immunity. Endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) have been identified and appear to have a role in pain modulation, control of movement, feeding behavior, mood, bone growth, inflammation, neuroprotection, and memory.[1. Nabiximols (Sativex), a Cannabis extract with a 1: 1 ratio of THC: CBD, is approved in Canada (under the Notice of Compliance with Conditions) for symptomatic relief of pain in advanced cancer and multiple sclerosis.[1. Canada, New Zealand, and some countries in Europe also approve nabiximols for spasticity of multiple sclerosis, a common symptom that may include muscle stiffness, reduced mobility, and pain, and for which existing therapy is unsatisfactory. References. Abel EL: Marihuana, The First Twelve Thousand Years. New York: Plenum Press, 1. Also available online. Last accessed January 7, 2. Joy JE, Watson SJ, Benson JA, eds.: Marijuana and Medicine: Assessing the Science Base. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1. Also available online. Last accessed January 7, 2. Mack A, Joy J: Marijuana As Medicine? The Science Beyond the Controversy. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2. Also available online. Last accessed January 7, 2. Booth M: Cannabis: A History. New York, NY: St Martin's Press, 2. Russo EB, Jiang HE, Li X, et al.: Phytochemical and genetic analyses of ancient cannabis from Central Asia. J Exp Bot 5. 9 (1. В [PUBMED Abstract]Schaffer Library of Drug Policy: The Marihuana Tax Act of 1. Taxation of Marihuana. Washington, DC: House of Representatives, Committee on Ways and Means, 1. Available online. Last accessed January 7, 2. Sallan SE, Zinberg NE, Frei E 3rd: Antiemetic effect of delta- 9- tetrahydrocannabinol in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. N Engl J Med 2. 93 (1. В [PUBMED Abstract]Gorter R, Seefried M, Volberding P: Dronabinol effects on weight in patients with HIV infection. AIDS 6 (1): 1. 27, 1. В [PUBMED Abstract]Beal JE, Olson R, Laubenstein L, et al.: Dronabinol as a treatment for anorexia associated with weight loss in patients with AIDS. J Pain Symptom Manage 1. В [PUBMED Abstract]Adams R, Hunt M, Clark JH: Structure of cannabidiol: a product isolated from the marihuana extract of Minnesota wild hemp. J Am Chem Soc 6. 2 (1): 1. Also available online. Last accessed January 7, 2. Devane WA, Dysarz FA 3rd, Johnson MR, et al.: Determination and characterization of a cannabinoid receptor in rat brain. Mol Pharmacol 3. 4 (5): 6. В [PUBMED Abstract]Devane WA, Hanus L, Breuer A, et al.: Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor. Science 2. 58 (5. В [PUBMED Abstract]Pertwee RG, Howlett AC, Abood ME, et al.: International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXIX. Cannabinoid receptors and their ligands: beyond CBв‚Ѓ and CBв‚‚. Pharmacol Rev 6. 2 (4): 5. В [PUBMED Abstract]Felder CC, Glass M: Cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous agonists. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 3. В [PUBMED Abstract]Pacher P, BГЎtkai S, Kunos G: The endocannabinoid system as an emerging target of pharmacotherapy. Pharmacol Rev 5. 8 (3): 3. В [PUBMED Abstract]Howard P, Twycross R, Shuster J, et al.: Cannabinoids. J Pain Symptom Manage 4. В [PUBMED Abstract].
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